Agricultural Expressions in the Dialects of Ibb Governorate between the Vernacular and the Standard

Abstract

This research deals with the agricultural expressions used in Ibb governorate and the extent of their association with Standard Arabic. The study aims to identify the characteristics of this dialect and the method of assigning the semantics of its use of agricultural professional expressions, as well as to document agricultural expressions in the dialects of Ibb governorate.

The researcher followed the descriptive approach, as the nature of the study requires scientific analysis and explanation to investigate agricultural expressions. Moreover, the historical approach was adopted to trace the citing of these expressions in the books of language and its semantic development. Furthermore, the researcher depended on the comparative approach to highlight aspects of differences between the expressions of Ibb governorate's dialects and Standard Arabic through the technique of listening that is based on the recording of the utterances of the people who were born in Ibb governorate and still live there.

The research was divided into four sections: the first section was devoted to the expressions related to the work of caring for the land, the second section was dedicated to the expressions related to the work of caring for the plants, the third section was assigned to the expressions related to the work of reaping and what is connected to it, and the last section was reserved to the expressions related to the animals that do farming works.

The research arrived at many results, represented in that most of the agricultural expressions used in the dialect are standards, the first of which is an origin in Standard Arabic, and that the dialect paid great attention to the semantic element, which is represented in the multiplicity of the expressions for one agricultural work according to its type. In addition, there are some linguistic phenomena in the dialect, such as the phenomenon of substitution.