Higher Education Roles and Contributions to the Development of the Educational and Training System in the Republic of Yemen

Abstract

The study aims to identify the roles of higher education and its contributions to the development of the educational and training system in the Republic of Yemen. The study followed the descriptive approach using content analysis method for (22) related studies. After analyzing the data, the study reached a number of results, the most significant of which are the following:

• More than one party supervises the educational and training system in Yemen, the most important of which are the Cabinet, and the three ministries of Education: (Instruction and Education – Higher Education – Technical Instruction and Vocational Training), in addition to other ministries such as the Ministry of Civil Service and the Ministry of Health, etc. The educational system faces several challenges, the most crucial of which are obsolete legislations, weak institutional capacity, lack of public budgets, lack of funding, technological illiteracy, and deficiency of continuous training and prequalification.
• The number of the educational and training institutions in Yemen is more than (16892) institutions, including (16734) for public education, more than (93) for technical instruction and vocational training, and more than (65) for higher education.

The number of students enrolled in the educational and training institutions in 2014 amounted to (6,564,796) students. More than (230,377) of them graduated. More than (255,533) teaching and training

• staff members work in these institutions. Moreover, about 170,138 students graduated from public education, more than 19,084 graduates from vocational education, and more than 41,155 graduates from higher education institutions.
• The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and its affiliated institutions have contributed to the development of all the education and training aspects by providing experts, consultants, leaders, scientific and administrative competencies and specialists to the other educational and training institutions. The Ministry of Higher Education has also assisted these institutions in formulation of their policies and strategic plans, development of their staff skills, and studying various issues related to them in a scientific perspective. For instance, the number of the scientific theses sanctioned by different higher education institutions in the field of education and training is more than (2,596) theses (Master – Doctoral), out of a total of (17,133) theses, representing (15%) of the total of Yemeni scientific production. These theses include (1,777) theses from public education scoring (69%), (60) theses from vocational education representing (2%), and (759) theses from higher education approaching (29%) of the total. These statistics have been made for the period until the end of the year 2020. In light of the results, the study offered some related recommendations and suggestions.