From Theory to Design: Developing Design Standards for E-Training Programs Based on Adult Learning Theories

Abstract

The study aims to develop a list of standards for designing e-training programs based on the major adult learning theories, namely Andragogy Theory, Transformative Learning Theory, and Self-Directed Learning Theory. This was achieved through the analysis of a number of relevant frameworks and previous studies related to the quality of instructional design and e-training. The study adopted the Developmental Research Approach to derive a proposed list of standards for designing e-training programs and then align them with the main principles of adult learning theories. The study resulted in a proposed list of standards consisting of (13) standards and (132) indicators, distributed across two domains: pedagogical standards and technical standards. The pedagogical standards include (8) standards: orientation and preparation, learning objectives, content, multimedia, activities, interaction and participation, feedback, and assessment. These standards comprise (91) indicators. The technical standards include (5) standards: user interface design, accessibility and usability, support and assistance, continuous improvement, and documentation and referencing. These standards comprise (41) indicators. The study recommended that instructional designers and training providers benefit from the proposed list of standards when designing and developing e-training programs targeting adult learners. It also recommended conducting periodic reviews of the standards list and updating them based on emerging developments in the field and trainees’ needs.