Aldose reductase inhibitory and free radical scavenging activity of leaf extracts of Olea oleaster and Aloe sabaea Schweinf

Abstract

Background: Aldose reductase (AR) plays a crucial role in the development of sugar-induced cataracts through its involvement in the polyol pathway, where glucose is converted into sorbitol. Objective: This study aimed to screen the phytochemical constituents of methanolic leaf extracts of Olea oleaster and Aloe sabaea Schweinf and to evaluate their antioxidant potential and aldose reductase inhibitory activity using an in vitro bovine lens model. Methodology: Methanolic extracts of Olea oleaster and Aloe sabaea leaves were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening. Antioxidant activity was assessed using standard free radical scavenging assays, while aldose reductase inhibitory activity was evaluated in vitro using bovine lens aldose reductase. Results : Both plant extracts demonstrated the presence of bioactive phytochemicals and exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity. Moreover, the extracts showed marked inhibition of aldose reductase activity in the bovine lens model, indicating strong antioxidant and anti-cataract potential. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Olea oleaster and Aloe sabaea possess potent antioxidant and aldose reductase inhibitory properties. These plants may serve as promising natural sources for the development of therapeutic agents aimed at preventing diabetic complications, particularly sugar-induced cataract formation.