Outbreak Investigation of Cholera in Kamaran Island, Hodeidah, Yemen: Ecological study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59846/ajbas.v4i1.716الملخص
Background: Yemen, in particular, face challenges with compromised sanitation conditions , while maintaining a clean physical environment is the responsibility of local communities, ensuring adequate sanitation remains a pressing concern. Objectives: The study aimed to describe the ecological characteristics of cholera outbreak in Kamaran Island, Hodeidah, Yemen. Methodology: The research included descriptive observation ecological study and pilot experimental study that were carried out from July and August 2018 in Kamaran Island of Hodeidah, Yemen that is high war area and difficult to access. The study included 179 of suspected cases that were diagnosed clinically according to national and world health organization (WHO) guideline. 6/179 fecal samples of patients were diagnosed in laboratory. In addition, 7 of water samples were collected from the source and the coliform and cholera in water were isolated. On the other hand , the chlorine in water samples were detected . Results: The patients with diarrhea aged from 1 to 85 years (179 cases) were investigated. The males/ females ratio (%) was 44 % : 56 % (79/100). The attack rate (AR) was reported about 4.096 % and 1 case was dead with the case fatality rate (CFR) was 0.55 % (1 /179 cases). In addition , 6 fecal samples of severe cases were positive with Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae), based on rapid test and 1 fecal sample of death case was confirmed using gold standard microbiological method. On the other hand, the fecal coliforms were confirmed in all water samples collected (7/7; 100 %) associated with zero chlorine detected. Also, the cholera was isolated and confirmed in drinking water (1/7; 14.42 %). Conclusion: Our findings highlight the urgent need to improve water infrastructure, sanitation, and access to clean water, water chlorination and vaccination campaign in Kamaran Island, Hodeidah, Yemen, to control and prevention of cholera outbreaks. Also, strengthening health awareness, surveillance, resource availability, and international collaboration, along with regular response evaluations, is essential for improving public health and combating the epidemic.
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الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2025 Khadarah Alesary, Naderah Ahmed Obadi , Shams Abdulkareem AL-Surabi , Ghofran Ali Haij , Zeinab Fakerah , Tarik Abdulkareem , Mohammed Amood Al Kamarany
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All articles published in Abhath Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences (AJOBAS) are open-access and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license allows users to freely share, copy, distribute, and adapt the work, provided that the original author(s) and source are properly credited.
