The Impact of Climate Change On Contractual Obligations from an Islamic Perspective

Abstract

Climate change is one of the most significant challenges facing humanity in many fields, particularly in the field of contracts. Contracting parties aim to define the rights and obligations each must uphold to achieve the shared goals outlined in their agreement. However, the environment in which these contracts are executed may undergo changes that impact on the ability to fulfill contractual obligations. Climate change can make it difficult or even impossible to meet certain terms, emphasizing the need to study its impact on contracts.

This study explores the concept of climate change, its causes, manifestations, and severity, with a focus on how it affects leasing and sales contracts. A descriptive, inductive, and comparative methodology was adopted to analyze the issue. The research is structured into an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion. The introduction covers the importance of the topic, the research problem and its key questions, objectives, previous studies, and methodology. The first chapter defines climate change and contract types. The second outlines climate change causes, signs, and risks. The third examines the effect of climate change on specific contracts, especially lease and sales agreements. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and highlights the most important references and sources used throughout the research. Among the key findings is that if the circumstances of contracts with relaxed execution change radically in terms of expenses and prices, the judge has authority to annul them upon conflict. Researchers specialized in Sariah sciences, especially in jurisprudence, are recommended to pay this phenomenon more attention in research and study, to participate in solving the crises it cause.